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PIARC (World Road Association), founded in 1909 and comprising 125 member governments from all over the world, is the global forum for exchange of knowledge and experience on roads, road transport policies and practices. With consultative status to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, the Association is contributing to a stable and sustainable global development of the road and transport sector.

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XIIth World Road Congress - Rome 1964 - National Reports

Summary

Section 1. Construction and Maintenance of Roads and Runways

  • Question 1: Design and Construction of Earthworks
    Calculation of volumes. Use of computors. Soil surveys. Preparation of projects. Quality and compaction required. Particular problems encountered at formation level. Rock fills. Collecting and draining surface water. Internal drainage of roads. Particular cases of drainage, dual carriageway roads; airfield runways.
  • Question 2:
    A) Design of Pavement and layer thickness.
    B) Properties and construction of base.
    C) Properties and construction of the surface courses of flexible roads.
  • Question 3: Design and Construction of Concrete Roads
    Foundation courses of concrete roads. Workability and handling of concrete. Modern methods of making and placing concrete. Concrete roads with surfacings of bituminous materials. Problem of joints. Reinforced concrete roads without joints. Roads in prestressed concrete.
  • Question 4: Surface Qualities of Roads
    Improvement in the resistance to skidding. Improvement of the riding qualities. Progress made in the measurement of resistance to skidding. Progress made in the measurement of riding quality. Icy roads.
  • Question 5: Reconstruction and Reinstating of Roads
    Strengthening of flexible roads. Strengthening of rigid roads. Providing new surfacings on existing roads. Grouting under existing roads. Retreatment of the existing surfacings. Localised repairs
  • Question 6: Particular Problems of Lightly Trafficked Roads
    Rapid methods of acquiring knowledge of soils. Tropical soils, their properties and uses in road building. Stage construction. Choices of surfacing. The organisation of maintenance, and maintenance methods. Special problems of road building in desert areas.

Section 2. Road Traffic, Economic Problems, Usage Problems, Safety

  • Question 7:
    A) Road traffic and its composition
    B) Influence of Traffic on the characteristic of journeys and the costs on maintaining roads.
    C) Geometric feature of roads in respect of traffic requirement.
  • Question 8: Economic studies, revenue, methods of study, composition and design of roads plans
    Relation between general economic theories and economic study of road works. Assessment of traffic costs. Classification and choice of road investments. Calculation of the factors to be taken into account. Road investments and economic development. Evaluation of the capacity of roads from the economic standpoint. Planning road networks: general case, in underdeveloped countries, in built-up areas.
  • Question 9: Parking, Service, etc.
    Estimating the need for parking. Influence of the number of parking places available. Revenue and financing of parks and garages for vehicles. Filling stations. Telephones. Road service areas. Rest areas. Airport terminals. Lighting of roads. Boundaries and lateral protection of roads. Restrictions imposed along roads.
  • Question 10: Road Aesthetic Problems
    Fitting the road into the landscape. Case of tourist routes. Visual aids to driving. Roadside planting. Advertisement along roads.

Section 1. Construction and Maintenance of Roads and Runways.

Question 1: Design and Construction of Earthworks.

Calculation of volumes. Use of computors. Soil surveys. Preparation of projects. Quality and compaction required. Particular problems encountered at formation level. Rock fills. Collecting and draining surface water. Internal drainage of roads. Particular cases of drainage, dual carriageway roads; airfield runways.

Question 2

A) Design of Pavement and layer thickness.
B) Properties and construction of base.
C) Properties and construction of the surface courses of flexible roads.

Question 3: Design and Construction of Concrete Roads.

Foundation courses of concrete roads. Workability and handling of concrete. Modern methods of making and placing concrete. Concrete roads with surfacings of bituminous materials. Problem of joints. Reinforced concrete roads without joints. Roads in prestressed concrete.

Question 4: Surface Qualities of Roads.

Improvement in the resistance to skidding. Improvement of the riding qualities. Progress made in the measurement of resistance to skidding. Progress made in the measurement of riding quality. Icy roads.

Question 5: Reconstruction and Reinstating of Roads.

Strengthening of flexible roads. Strengthening of rigid roads. Providing new surfacings on existing roads. Grouting under existing roads. Retreatment of the existing surfacings. Localised repairs.

Question 6: Particular Problems of Lightly Trafficked Roads.

Rapid methods of acquiring knowledge of soils. Tropical soils, their properties and uses in road building. Stage construction. Choices of surfacing. The organisation of maintenance, and maintenance methods. Special problems of road building in desert areas.

Section 2. Road Traffic, Economic Problems, Usage Problems, Safety.

Question 7

A) Road traffic and its composition
B) Influence of Traffic on the characteristic of journeys and the costs on maintaining roads.
C) Geometric feature of roads in respect of traffic requirement.

Question 8: Economic studies, revenue, methods of study, composition and design of roads plans.

Relation between general economic theories and economic study of road works. Assessment of traffic costs. Classification and choice of road investments. Calculation of the factors to be taken into account. Road investments and economic development. Evaluation of the capacity of roads from the economic standpoint. Planning road networks: general case, in underdeveloped countries, in built-up areas.

Question 9: Parking, Service, etc.

Estimating the need for parking. Influence of the number of parking places available. Revenue and financing of parks and garages for vehicles. Filling stations. Telephones. Road service areas. Rest areas. Airport terminals. Lighting of roads. Boundaries and lateral protection of roads. Restrictions imposed along roads.

Question 10: Road Aesthetic Problems.

Fitting the road into the landscape. Case of tourist routes. Visual aids to driving. Roadside planting. Advertisement along roads.